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| 中华人民共和国反间谍法 | Anti-espionage Law of the People’s Republic of China |
| 全国人民代表大会常务委员会 中华人民共和国主席令 第四号 《中华人民共和国反间谍法》已由中华人民共和国第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议于2023年4月26日修订通过，现予公布，自2023年7月1日起施行。 中华人民共和国主席 习近平 2023年4月26日 | Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Decree of the President of the People’s Republic of China The Fourth Anti-Spying Law of the People’s Republic of China was amended and adopted by the Second Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on April 26, 2023, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of July 1, 2023. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China April 26, 2023 |
| 中华人民共和国反间谍法 （2014年11月1日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过 2023年4月26日第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议修订） | Anti-espionage Law of the People’s Republic of China (Adopted at the 11th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People’s Congress on November 1, 2014 and amended at the 2nd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress on April 26, 2023) |
| 目 录 第一章 总 则 第二章 安全防范 第三章 调查处置 第四章 保障与监督 第五章 法律责任 第六章 附 则 | Table of Contents Chapter 1 General Provisions Chapter 2 Safety precautions Chapter 3 Investigation and Disposal Chapter 4 Safeguards and Supervision Chapter 5 Legal Liability Chapter 6 Supplementary Provisions |
| 第一章 总 则 | Chapter 1 General Provisions |
| 第一条 为了加强反间谍工作，防范、制止和惩治间谍行为，维护国家安全，保护人民利益，根据宪法，制定本法。 | Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution in order to strengthen anti-espionage work, prevent, stop and punish espionage, safeguard national security and protect the interests of the people. |
| 第二条 反间谍工作坚持党中央集中统一领导，坚持总体国家安全观，坚持公开工作与秘密工作相结合、专门工作与群众路线相结合，坚持积极防御、依法惩治、标本兼治，筑牢国家安全人民防线。 | Article 2 Anti-espionage work adheres to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, adheres to the overall national security concept, adheres to the combination of open work and clandestine work, the combination of special work and the mass line, adheres to active defense, punishment according to law, and the treatment of both symptoms and root causes, and builds a national security people’s defense line. |
| 第三条 反间谍工作应当依法进行，尊重和保障人权，保障个人和组织的合法权益。 | Article 3 Anti-espionage work shall be carried out in accordance with the law, respect and protect human rights, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations. |
| 第四条 本法所称间谍行为，是指下列行为： （一）间谍组织及其代理人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内外机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施的危害中华人民共和国国家安全的活动； （二）参加间谍组织或者接受间谍组织及其代理人的任务，或者投靠间谍组织及其代理人； （三）间谍组织及其代理人以外的其他境外机构、组织、个人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施的窃取、刺探、收买、非法提供国家秘密、情报以及其他关系国家安全和利益的文件、数据、资料、物品，或者策动、引诱、胁迫、收买国家工作人员叛变的活动； （四）间谍组织及其代理人实施或者指使、资助他人实施，或者境内外机构、组织、个人与其相勾结实施针对国家机关、涉密单位或者关键信息基础设施等的网络攻击、侵入、干扰、控制、破坏等活动； （五）为敌人指示攻击目标； （六）进行其他间谍活动。 间谍组织及其代理人在中华人民共和国领域内，或者利用中华人民共和国的公民、组织或者其他条件，从事针对第三国的间谍活动，危害中华人民共和国国家安全的，适用本法。 | Article 4 The term “espionage” as used in this Law refers to the following acts: (1) espionage organizations and their agents carry out, direct, or finance activities carried out by others, or by domestic or foreign institutions, organizations, or individuals in collusion with them, that endanger the national security of the People’s Republic of China; (2) Joining a spy organization or accepting the mission of the spy organization and its agents, or turning to the spy organization and its agents; (3) Foreign agencies, organizations, individuals other than spy organizations and their agents carry out or instruct or finance others to carry out, or domestic agencies, organizations, individuals collaborate with them to carry out, steal, spy, buy, illegally provide state secrets, intelligence and other documents, data, information, goods related to national security and interests, or instigate, induce, coerce, or buy state personnel to rebel activities; (4) espionage organizations and their agents carry out or instruct or fund others to carry out, or domestic and foreign institutions, organizations, and individuals collaborate with them to carry out cyber attacks, intrusions, interference, control, sabotage, and other activities against state organs, classified units, or critical information infrastructure; (5) Indicating the target of attack for the enemy; (6) Carrying out other espionage activities. This Law shall apply to espionage organizations and their agents engaged in espionage activities against third countries within the territory of the People’s Republic of China, or using the citizens, organizations or other conditions of the People’s Republic of China to endanger the national security of the People’s Republic of China. |
| 第五条 国家建立反间谍工作协调机制，统筹协调反间谍工作中的重大事项，研究、解决反间谍工作中的重大问题。 | Article 5 The State shall establish a coordination mechanism for counter-espionage work, coordinate major matters in counter-espionage work, and study and solve major problems in counter-espionage work. |
| 第六条 国家安全机关是反间谍工作的主管机关。 公安、保密等有关部门和军队有关部门按照职责分工，密切配合，加强协调，依法做好有关工作。 | Article 6 The state security organ is the competent organ for counter-espionage. Relevant departments such as public security and confidentiality and the relevant departments of the military shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, cooperate closely, strengthen coordination, and do relevant work in accordance with the law. |
| 第七条 中华人民共和国公民有维护国家的安全、荣誉和利益的义务，不得有危害国家的安全、荣誉和利益的行为。 一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织，都有防范、制止间谍行为，维护国家安全的义务。 国家安全机关在反间谍工作中必须依靠人民的支持，动员、组织人民防范、制止间谍行为。 | Article 7 Citizens of the People’s Republic of China shall have the obligation to safeguard the security, honor and interests of the state, and shall not engage in acts that endanger the security, honor and interests of the state. All state organs and armed forces, political parties and people’s organizations, enterprises and institutions, and other social organizations have the obligation to prevent and stop espionage and safeguard national security. State security organs must rely on the support of the people in their counter-espionage work, mobilize and organize the people to prevent and stop espionage. |
| 第八条 任何公民和组织都应当依法支持、协助反间谍工作，保守所知悉的国家秘密和反间谍工作秘密。 | Article 8 Any citizen or organization shall, in accordance with law, support and assist in counter-espionage work, and keep known state secrets and secrets of counter-espionage work. |
| 第九条 国家对支持、协助反间谍工作的个人和组织给予保护。 对举报间谍行为或者在反间谍工作中做出重大贡献的个人和组织，按照国家有关规定给予表彰和奖励。 | Article 9 The State shall provide protection to individuals and organizations that support or assist in counter-espionage work. Individuals and organizations that report espionage or make significant contributions in counter-espionage shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations. |
| 第十条 境外机构、组织、个人实施或者指使、资助他人实施的，或者境内机构、组织、个人与境外机构、组织、个人相勾结实施的危害中华人民共和国国家安全的间谍行为，都必须受到法律追究。 | Article 10 Any espionage acts that endanger the national security of the People’s Republic of China carried out by foreign institutions, organizations, or individuals, or directed or financed by others, or carried out by domestic institutions, organizations, or individuals in collusion with foreign institutions, organizations, or individuals, must be prosecuted by law. |
| 第十一条 国家安全机关及其工作人员在工作中，应当严格依法办事，不得超越职权、滥用职权，不得侵犯个人和组织的合法权益。 国家安全机关及其工作人员依法履行反间谍工作职责获取的个人和组织的信息，只能用于反间谍工作。对属于国家秘密、工作秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私、个人信息的，应当保密。 | Article 11 State security organs and their staff shall act in strict accordance with the law in their work, and shall not exceed their authority, abuse their authority, or infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations. The information of individuals and organizations obtained by state security organs and their staff in accordance with the law in the performance of their counter-espionage duties can only be used for counter-espionage work.State secrets, work secrets, trade secrets, personal privacy and personal information shall be kept confidential. |
| 第二章 安全防范 | Chapter 2 Safety precautions |
| 第十二条 国家机关、人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织承担本单位反间谍安全防范工作的主体责任，落实反间谍安全防范措施，对本单位的人员进行维护国家安全的教育，动员、组织本单位的人员防范、制止间谍行为。 地方各级人民政府、相关行业主管部门按照职责分工，管理本行政区域、本行业有关反间谍安全防范工作。 国家安全机关依法协调指导、监督检查反间谍安全防范工作。 | Article 12 State organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions and other social organizations shall bear the main responsibility for the counter-espionage security prevention work of their units, implement counter-espionage security prevention measures, educate the personnel of their units to maintain national security, mobilize and organize the personnel of their units to prevent and stop espionage. The local people’s governments at all levels and the competent departments of the relevant industries shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, manage the relevant anti-espionage security prevention work in their respective administrative areas and industries. State security organs shall coordinate, guide, supervise and inspect counter-espionage security precautions in accordance with the law. |
| 第十三条 各级人民政府和有关部门应当组织开展反间谍安全防范宣传教育，将反间谍安全防范知识纳入教育、培训、普法宣传内容，增强全民反间谍安全防范意识和国家安全素养。 新闻、广播、电视、文化、互联网信息服务等单位，应当面向社会有针对性地开展反间谍宣传教育。 国家安全机关应当根据反间谍安全防范形势，指导有关单位开展反间谍宣传教育活动，提高防范意识和能力。 | Article 13 People’s governments at all levels and relevant departments shall organize publicity and education on counter-espionage security precautions, incorporate knowledge of counter-espionage security precautions into education, training, and legal popularization, and enhance national awareness of counter-espionage security precautions and national security literacy. Units such as news, radio, television, culture, and Internet information services should carry out targeted anti-espionage publicity and education for the society. State security organs shall, in accordance with the situation of counter-espionage security precautions, instruct the relevant units to carry out counter-espionage propaganda and education activities to improve the awareness and ability of counter-espionage. |
| 第十四条 任何个人和组织都不得非法获取、持有属于国家秘密的文件、数据、资料、物品。 | Article 14 No individual or organization may illegally obtain or hold documents, data, materials or articles that are state secrets. |
| 第十五条 任何个人和组织都不得非法生产、销售、持有、使用间谍活动特殊需要的专用间谍器材。专用间谍器材由国务院国家安全主管部门依照国家有关规定确认。 | Article 15 No individual or organization shall illegally produce, sell, possess or use special espionage equipment that is specially needed for espionage.Special espionage equipment shall be confirmed by the competent department of state security under the State Council in accordance with relevant state regulations. |
| 第十六条 任何公民和组织发现间谍行为，应当及时向国家安全机关举报；向公安机关等其他国家机关、组织举报的，相关国家机关、组织应当立即移送国家安全机关处理。 国家安全机关应当将受理举报的电话、信箱、网络平台等向社会公开，依法及时处理举报信息，并为举报人保密。 | Article 16 Any citizen or organization that discovers espionage shall promptly report it to the state security organ; if it reports it to the public security organ or other state organ or organization, the relevant state organ or organization shall immediately transfer it to the state security organ for handling. The national security organ shall disclose the telephone, mailbox, online platform, etc. that accepts the report to the public, handle the report information in a timely manner in accordance with the law, and keep the information confidential for the whistleblower. |
| 第十七条 国家建立反间谍安全防范重点单位管理制度。 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当建立反间谍安全防范工作制度，履行反间谍安全防范工作要求，明确内设职能部门和人员承担反间谍安全防范职责。 | Article 17 The State establishes a management system for key units for counter-espionage security. Key counter-espionage security prevention units shall establish a counter-espionage security prevention work system, fulfill the requirements for counter-espionage security prevention work, and clearly set up functional departments and personnel to undertake counter-espionage security prevention duties. |
| 第十八条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当加强对工作人员反间谍安全防范的教育和管理，对离岗离职人员脱密期内履行反间谍安全防范义务的情况进行监督检查。 | Article 18 Key counter-espionage security prevention units shall strengthen the education and management of staff counter-espionage security prevention, and supervise and inspect the performance of counter-espionage security prevention obligations during the separation period of departing employees. |
| 第十九条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当加强对涉密事项、场所、载体等的日常安全防范管理，采取隔离加固、封闭管理、设置警戒等反间谍物理防范措施。 | Article 19 The key units for counter-espionage security shall strengthen the daily security management of confidential matters, places, carriers, etc., and take physical counter-espionage measures such as isolation reinforcement, sealing management, and setting vigilance. |
| 第二十条 反间谍安全防范重点单位应当按照反间谍技术防范的要求和标准，采取相应的技术措施和其他必要措施，加强对要害部门部位、网络设施、信息系统的反间谍技术防范。 | Article 20 The key units for counter-espionage security shall, in accordance with the requirements and standards for counter-espionage technical prevention, take corresponding technical measures and other necessary measures to strengthen the counter-espionage technical prevention of key department parts, network facilities and information systems. |
| 第二十一条 在重要国家机关、国防军工单位和其他重要涉密单位以及重要军事设施的周边安全控制区域内新建、改建、扩建建设项目的，由国家安全机关实施涉及国家安全事项的建设项目许可。 县级以上地方各级人民政府编制国民经济和社会发展规划、国土空间规划等有关规划，应当充分考虑国家安全因素和划定的安全控制区域，征求国家安全机关的意见。 安全控制区域的划定应当统筹发展和安全，坚持科学合理、确有必要的原则，由国家安全机关会同发展改革、自然资源、住房城乡建设、保密、国防科技工业等部门以及军队有关部门共同划定，报省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准并动态调整。 涉及国家安全事项的建设项目许可的具体实施办法，由国务院国家安全主管部门会同有关部门制定。 | Article 21 Where construction projects are newly constructed, reconstructed, or expanded in the peripheral security control areas of important state organs, defense military-industrial units, and other important classified units, as well as important military facilities, the state security organs shall permit the implementation of construction projects involving national security matters. Local people’s governments at or above the county level shall fully consider national security factors and designated security control areas when preparing relevant plans such as national economic and social development plans and territorial spatial plans, and seek the opinions of national security organs. The delimitation of security control areas shall be coordinated with development and security, adhering to the principles of scientific rationality and solid necessity, and shall be jointly delimited by the national security organs in conjunction with development reform, natural resources, housing urban and rural construction, confidentiality, defense science, technology and industry, and other relevant departments of the military, and submitted to the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government for approval and dynamic adjustment. The specific implementation measures for the permitting of construction projects involving national security matters shall be formulated by the competent department of national security under the State Council in conjunction with relevant departments |
| 第二十二条 国家安全机关根据反间谍工作需要，可以会同有关部门制定反间谍技术防范标准，指导有关单位落实反间谍技术防范措施，对存在隐患的单位，经过严格的批准手续，可以进行反间谍技术防范检查和检测。 | Article 22 State security organs may, in accordance with the needs of counter-espionage work, formulate counter-espionage technical prevention standards in conjunction with relevant departments, guide relevant units to implement counter-espionage technical prevention measures, and conduct counter-espionage technical prevention inspections and tests for units with hidden dangers after strict approval procedures. |
| 第三章 调查处置 | Chapter 3 Investigation and Disposal |
| 第二十三条 国家安全机关在反间谍工作中依法行使本法和有关法律规定的职权。 | Article 23 State security organs shall exercise the functions and powers stipulated in this Law and relevant laws in their counter-espionage work in accordance with law. |
| 第二十四条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务时，依照规定出示工作证件，可以查验中国公民或者境外人员的身份证明，向有关个人和组织问询有关情况，对身份不明、有间谍行为嫌疑的人员，可以查看其随带物品。 | Article 24 When carrying out counter-espionage tasks in accordance with the law, the staff of the State security organs may present work documents in accordance with the regulations, check the identity certificates of Chinese citizens or foreign personnel, ask relevant individuals and organizations for relevant information, and check the accompanying items of persons whose identity is unknown and suspected of espionage. |
| 第二十五条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务时，经设区的市级以上国家安全机关负责人批准，出示工作证件，可以查验有关个人和组织的电子设备、设施及有关程序、工具。查验中发现存在危害国家安全情形的，国家安全机关应当责令其采取措施立即整改。拒绝整改或者整改后仍存在危害国家安全隐患的，可以予以查封、扣押。 对依照前款规定查封、扣押的电子设备、设施及有关程序、工具，在危害国家安全的情形消除后，国家安全机关应当及时解除查封、扣押。 | Article 25 When carrying out counter-espionage tasks according to law, the staff of the state security organs may, with the approval of the person in charge of the state security organs at or above the municipal level divided into districts and by presenting their work documents, inspect the electronic equipment, facilities and related procedures and tools of the individuals and organizations concerned.If it is found in the inspection that there is a situation that endangers national security, the national security organ shall order it to take measures to rectify it immediately.If there is still a hidden danger to national security after refusing to rectify or rectifying, it may be sealed up or detained. For electronic equipment, facilities, and related procedures and tools that are sealed or seized in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, after the situation that endangers national security is eliminated, the state security organ shall promptly lift the seizure or seizure. |
| 第二十六条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行反间谍工作任务时，根据国家有关规定，经设区的市级以上国家安全机关负责人批准，可以查阅、调取有关的文件、数据、资料、物品，有关个人和组织应当予以配合。查阅、调取不得超出执行反间谍工作任务所需的范围和限度。 | Article 26 When State security organ personnel carry out counter-espionage tasks according to law, they may, in accordance with relevant State regulations and with the approval of the person in charge of the State security organ at or above the level of the city divided into districts, consult and retrieve relevant documents, data, materials and articles, and relevant individuals and organizations shall cooperate.Inspection and retrieval must not exceed the scope and limitations required to perform counter-espionage tasks. |
| 第二十七条 需要传唤违反本法的人员接受调查的，经国家安全机关办案部门负责人批准，使用传唤证传唤。对现场发现的违反本法的人员，国家安全机关工作人员依照规定出示工作证件，可以口头传唤，但应当在询问笔录中注明。传唤的原因和依据应当告知被传唤人。对无正当理由拒不接受传唤或者逃避传唤的人，可以强制传唤。 国家安全机关应当在被传唤人所在市、县内的指定地点或者其住所进行询问。 国家安全机关对被传唤人应当及时询问查证。询问查证的时间不得超过八小时；情况复杂，可能适用行政拘留或者涉嫌犯罪的，询问查证的时间不得超过二十四小时。国家安全机关应当为被传唤人提供必要的饮食和休息时间。严禁连续传唤。 除无法通知或者可能妨碍调查的情形以外，国家安全机关应当及时将传唤的原因通知被传唤人家属。在上述情形消失后，应当立即通知被传唤人家属。 | Article 27 If it is necessary to summon a person who violates this Law to be investigated, he shall be summoned using a subpoena with the approval of the person in charge of the case handling department of the national security organ.For personnel found in violation of this law at the scene, the staff of the national security organ shall present their work documents in accordance with the regulations and may be summoned orally, but they shall be noted in the interrogation record.The reason and basis for the summons shall be communicated to the person being summoned.A person who refuses to accept a subpoena or evades a subpoena without a justifiable reason may be subject to a compulsory subpoena. The national security organ shall make inquiries at a designated place or residence in the city or county where the person being summoned is located. The state security organ shall promptly inquire and verify the person subpoenaed.The time for inquiry and verification shall not exceed eight hours; if the circumstances are complex and administrative detention or suspected crime may be applied, the time for inquiry and verification shall not exceed twenty-four hours.State security organs shall provide the summoned person with the necessary time for eating and resting.Continuous subpoenas are strictly prohibited. Except in cases where it is impossible to notify or may hinder the investigation, the national security organ shall promptly notify the family members of the person summoned of the reason for the summons.After the above circumstances disappear, the family members of the person summoned shall be notified immediately. |
| 第二十八条 国家安全机关调查间谍行为，经设区的市级以上国家安全机关负责人批准，可以依法对涉嫌间谍行为的人身、物品、场所进行检查。 检查女性身体的，应当由女性工作人员进行。 | Article 28 State security organs investigating espionage may, with the approval of the person in charge of the state security organ at or above the level of the city divided into districts, inspect persons, articles and places suspected of espionage according to law. The examination of the female body should be carried out by female staff. |
| 第二十九条 国家安全机关调查间谍行为，经设区的市级以上国家安全机关负责人批准，可以查询涉嫌间谍行为人员的相关财产信息。 | Article 29 State security organs investigating espionage may, with the approval of the person in charge of the state security organ at or above the city level divided into districts, inquire into relevant property information of persons suspected of espionage. |
| 第三十条 国家安全机关调查间谍行为，经设区的市级以上国家安全机关负责人批准，可以对涉嫌用于间谍行为的场所、设施或者财物依法查封、扣押、冻结；不得查封、扣押、冻结与被调查的间谍行为无关的场所、设施或者财物。 | Article 30 State security organs investigating espionage may, with the approval of the person in charge of the state security organ at or above the level of the city divided into districts, seal up, seize, or freeze the places, facilities, or property suspected of being used for espionage according to law; they may not seal up, seize, or freeze the places, facilities, or property not related to the espionage under investigation. |
| 第三十一条 国家安全机关工作人员在反间谍工作中采取查阅、调取、传唤、检查、查询、查封、扣押、冻结等措施，应当由二人以上进行，依照有关规定出示工作证件及相关法律文书，并由相关人员在有关笔录等书面材料上签名、盖章。 国家安全机关工作人员进行检查、查封、扣押等重要取证工作，应当对全过程进行录音录像，留存备查。 | Article 31 In counter-espionage work, the staff of the state security organs shall take measures such as consulting, retrieving, subpoenaing, inspecting, inquiring, sealing, seizing, freezing, etc., which shall be carried out by two or more persons, present work documents and relevant legal documents in accordance with relevant regulations, and be signed and sealed by relevant personnel on relevant written materials such as records. State security organ personnel conducting important evidentiary work such as inspection, seizure, and seizure shall make audio and video recordings of the whole process and keep them for future reference. |
| 第三十二条 在国家安全机关调查了解有关间谍行为的情况、收集有关证据时，有关个人和组织应当如实提供，不得拒绝。 | Article 32 When the state security organ investigates and learns about the circumstances of espionage and collects relevant evidence, the individuals and organizations concerned shall provide truthful information and shall not refuse. |
| 第三十三条 对出境后可能对国家安全造成危害，或者对国家利益造成重大损失的中国公民，国务院国家安全主管部门可以决定其在一定期限内不准出境，并通知移民管理机构。 对涉嫌间谍行为人员，省级以上国家安全机关可以通知移民管理机构不准其出境。 | Article 33 For Chinese citizens who may endanger national security or cause significant damage to national interests after leaving the country, the competent department of national security under the State Council may decide not to allow them to leave the country for a certain period of time and notify the immigration management authority. For persons suspected of espionage, the national security organs at or above the provincial level may notify the immigration authorities to prevent them from leaving the country. |
| 第三十四条 对入境后可能进行危害中华人民共和国国家安全活动的境外人员，国务院国家安全主管部门可以通知移民管理机构不准其入境。 | Article 34 The competent department of state security under the State Council may notify the immigration authorities to deny entry to overseas persons who may engage in activities that endanger the national security of the People’s Republic of China after entering the country. |
| 第三十五条 对国家安全机关通知不准出境或者不准入境的人员，移民管理机构应当按照国家有关规定执行；不准出境、入境情形消失的，国家安全机关应当及时撤销不准出境、入境决定，并通知移民管理机构。 | Article 35 With regard to persons who are not allowed to leave or enter the country as notified by the national security organ, the immigration management authority shall implement them in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state; if the person is not allowed to leave or the entry situation disappears, the national security organ shall promptly revoke the decision of not allowing to leave or enter the country and notify the immigration management authority. |
| 第三十六条 国家安全机关发现涉及间谍行为的网络信息内容或者网络攻击等风险，应当依照《中华人民共和国网络安全法》规定的职责分工，及时通报有关部门，由其依法处置或者责令电信业务经营者、互联网服务提供者及时采取修复漏洞、加固网络防护、停止传输、消除程序和内容、暂停相关服务、下架相关应用、关闭相关网站等措施，保存相关记录。情况紧急，不立即采取措施将对国家安全造成严重危害的，由国家安全机关责令有关单位修复漏洞、停止相关传输、暂停相关服务，并通报有关部门。 经采取相关措施，上述信息内容或者风险已经消除的，国家安全机关和有关部门应当及时作出恢复相关传输和服务的决定。 | Article 36 When a national security organ discovers the contents of network information or risks such as network attacks involving espionage acts, it shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities stipulated in the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China, promptly notify the relevant departments, and shall, according to law, dispose of or order telecommunications business operators and Internet service providers to take timely measures to repair vulnerabilities, strengthen network protection, stop transmission, eliminate procedures and contents, suspend related services, suspend related applications, close related websites, and keep relevant records.If the situation is urgent and the failure to take immediate measures will cause serious harm to national security, the state security organ shall order the relevant units to fix the loopholes, stop the relevant transmissions, suspend the relevant services, and notify the relevant departments. After taking relevant measures, if the content or risk of the above information has been eliminated, the national security organ and relevant departments shall make a timely decision to resume the relevant transmission and service. |
| 第三十七条 国家安全机关因反间谍工作需要，根据国家有关规定，经过严格的批准手续，可以采取技术侦察措施和身份保护措施。 | Article 37 Due to the need for counter-espionage work, State security organs may, in accordance with relevant State regulations and after strict approval procedures, take technical reconnaissance measures and identity protection measures. |
| 第三十八条 对违反本法规定，涉嫌犯罪，需要对有关事项是否属于国家秘密或者情报进行鉴定以及需要对危害后果进行评估的，由国家保密部门或者省、自治区、直辖市保密部门按照程序在一定期限内进行鉴定和组织评估。 | Article 38 If it is necessary to appraise whether the matter is a state secret or information and to evaluate the consequences of the harm in violation of the provisions of this law and is suspected of a crime, the state secret protection department or the secret protection department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall appraise and organize the appraisal within a certain period of time in accordance with procedures. |
| 第三十九条 国家安全机关经调查，发现间谍行为涉嫌犯罪的，应当依照《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》的规定立案侦查。 | Article 39 If, after investigation, a State security organ discovers that espionage is suspected of a crime, it shall file a case for investigation in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China. |
| 第四章 保障与监督 | Chapter 4 Safeguards and Supervision |
| 第四十条 国家安全机关工作人员依法履行职责，受法律保护。 | Article 40 Personnel of state security organs shall perform their duties in accordance with law and shall be protected by law. |
| 第四十一条 国家安全机关依法调查间谍行为，邮政、快递等物流运营单位和电信业务经营者、互联网服务提供者应当提供必要的支持和协助。 | Article 41 State security organs shall investigate espionage in accordance with the law, and logistics operators such as postal and express services, telecommunications business operators and Internet service providers shall provide necessary support and assistance. |
| 第四十二条 国家安全机关工作人员因执行紧急任务需要，经出示工作证件，享有优先乘坐公共交通工具、优先通行等通行便利。 | Article 42 State security organ personnel shall enjoy priority access to public transportation and priority passage upon presentation of their work documents due to the need to perform urgent tasks. |
| 第四十三条 国家安全机关工作人员依法执行任务时，依照规定出示工作证件，可以进入有关场所、单位；根据国家有关规定，经过批准，出示工作证件，可以进入限制进入的有关地区、场所、单位。 | Article 43 When performing their tasks in accordance with the law, the staff of the State security organs may enter the relevant places and units by presenting their work certificates in accordance with the provisions; in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State, upon approval, they may enter the relevant areas, places and units with restricted access by presenting their work certificates. |
| 第四十四条 国家安全机关因反间谍工作需要，根据国家有关规定，可以优先使用或者依法征用国家机关、人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织以及个人的交通工具、通信工具、场地和建筑物等，必要时可以设置相关工作场所和设施设备，任务完成后应当及时归还或者恢复原状，并依照规定支付相应费用；造成损失的，应当给予补偿。 | Article 44 Due to the needs of counter-espionage work, state security organs may, in accordance with relevant state regulations, give priority to the use or lawful requisition of state organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions and other social organizations, as well as personal means of transportation, communication tools, sites and buildings, etc., and may set up relevant workplaces and facilities and equipment when necessary. Upon completion of the task, they shall be returned or restored to their original state in a timely manner, and the corresponding fees shall be paid in accordance with the regulations; if losses are caused, compensation shall be paid. |
| 第四十五条 国家安全机关因反间谍工作需要，根据国家有关规定，可以提请海关、移民管理等检查机关对有关人员提供通关便利，对有关资料、器材等予以免检。有关检查机关应当依法予以协助。 | Article 45 Due to the need for counter-espionage work, State security organs may, in accordance with relevant State regulations, request customs, immigration management and other inspection authorities to provide customs clearance facilities for relevant personnel, and exempt relevant materials and equipment from inspection.The relevant procuratorial organs shall assist in accordance with law. |
| 第四十六条 国家安全机关工作人员因执行任务，或者个人因协助执行反间谍工作任务，本人或者其近亲属的人身安全受到威胁时，国家安全机关应当会同有关部门依法采取必要措施，予以保护、营救。 个人因支持、协助反间谍工作，本人或者其近亲属的人身安全面临危险的，可以向国家安全机关请求予以保护。国家安全机关应当会同有关部门依法采取保护措施。 个人和组织因支持、协助反间谍工作导致财产损失的，根据国家有关规定给予补偿。 | Article 46 When the personal safety of a staff member of a state security organ or his or her close relatives is threatened due to the performance of his or her duties or the assistance of an individual in carrying out his or her counter-espionage duties, the state security organ shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments, take necessary measures to protect and rescue him or her in accordance with the law. If an individual’s personal safety or that of his or her close relatives is in danger due to supporting or assisting in counter-espionage work, he or she may request protection from the state security organs.State security organs shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, take protective measures in accordance with law. Individuals and organizations that cause property damage due to supporting or assisting in counter-espionage work shall be compensated in accordance with relevant state regulations. |
| 第四十七条 对为反间谍工作做出贡献并需要安置的人员，国家给予妥善安置。 公安、民政、财政、卫生健康、教育、人力资源和社会保障、退役军人事务、医疗保障、移民管理等有关部门以及国有企业事业单位应当协助国家安全机关做好安置工作。 | Article 47 The State shall properly place persons who contribute to counter-espionage work and need to be placed. Relevant departments such as public security, civil affairs, finance, health, education, human resources and social security, veterans affairs, medical security, immigration management, and state-owned enterprises and institutions shall assist the national security organs in resettlement work. |
| 第四十八条 对因开展反间谍工作或者支持、协助反间谍工作导致伤残或者牺牲、死亡的人员，根据国家有关规定给予相应的抚恤优待。 | Article 48 Persons who are injured or disabled or who sacrifice or die as a result of carrying out counter-espionage work or supporting or assisting in counter-espionage work shall be given corresponding pensions and preferential treatment in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State. |
| 第四十九条 国家鼓励反间谍领域科技创新，发挥科技在反间谍工作中的作用。 | Article 49 The State shall encourage scientific and technological innovation in the field of counter-espionage and give full play to the role of science and technology in counter-espionage. |
| 第五十条 国家安全机关应当加强反间谍专业力量人才队伍建设和专业训练，提升反间谍工作能力。 对国家安全机关工作人员应当有计划地进行政治、理论和业务培训。培训应当坚持理论联系实际、按需施教、讲求实效，提高专业能力。 | Article 50 State security organs shall strengthen the construction and professional training of counter-espionage professional force personnel, and improve the ability of counter-espionage work. The staff of the state security organs shall be systematically trained in politics, theory and operation.The training should adhere to the theory and practice, teach on demand, be pragmatic, and improve professional competence. |
| 第五十一条 国家安全机关应当严格执行内部监督和安全审查制度，对其工作人员遵守法律和纪律等情况进行监督，并依法采取必要措施，定期或者不定期进行安全审查。 | Article 51 State security organs shall strictly implement the internal supervision and safety review system, supervise the compliance of their staff with laws and disciplines, and take necessary measures according to law to conduct safety reviews on a regular or irregular basis. |
| 第五十二条 任何个人和组织对国家安全机关及其工作人员超越职权、滥用职权和其他违法行为，都有权向上级国家安全机关或者监察机关、人民检察院等有关部门检举、控告。受理检举、控告的国家安全机关或者监察机关、人民检察院等有关部门应当及时查清事实，依法处理，并将处理结果及时告知检举人、控告人。 对支持、协助国家安全机关工作或者依法检举、控告的个人和组织，任何个人和组织不得压制和打击报复。 | Article 52 Any individual or organization shall have the right to report or complain to the state security organ at a higher level or to the supervisory organ, the people’s procuratorate and other relevant departments about the excessive power of the state security organ and its staff, the abuse of power and other illegal acts.The State security organ or the supervisory organ, the people’s procuratorate and other relevant departments that accept reports and accusations shall promptly clarify the facts, handle them in accordance with the law, and promptly inform the prosecutor and the accuser of the results of the handling. No person or organization may suppress or retaliate against any person or organization that supports or assists the work of the state security organs or reports or accuses them according to law. |
| 第五章 法律责任 | Chapter 5 Legal Liability |
| 第五十三条 实施间谍行为，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。 | Article 53 Whoever commits an act of espionage, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law. |
| 第五十四条 个人实施间谍行为，尚不构成犯罪的，由国家安全机关予以警告或者处十五日以下行政拘留，单处或者并处五万元以下罚款，违法所得在五万元以上的，单处或者并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款，并可以由有关部门依法予以处分。 明知他人实施间谍行为，为其提供信息、资金、物资、劳务、技术、场所等支持、协助，或者窝藏、包庇，尚不构成犯罪的，依照前款的规定处罚。 单位有前两款行为的，由国家安全机关予以警告，单处或者并处五十万元以下罚款，违法所得在五十万元以上的，单处或者并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款，并对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依照第一款的规定处罚。 国家安全机关根据相关单位、人员违法情节和后果，可以建议有关主管部门依法责令停止从事相关业务、提供相关服务或者责令停产停业、吊销有关证照、撤销登记。有关主管部门应当将作出行政处理的情况及时反馈国家安全机关。 | Article 54 If an individual commits an act of espionage that does not constitute a crime, the national security organ shall warn him or impose administrative detention of not more than 15 days, and shall only or concurrently impose a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan. If the illegal income is more than 50,000 yuan, he shall only or concurrently impose a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income, and may be punished by the relevant department in accordance with the law. Anyone who knowingly knows that another person has committed espionage acts, provides him with information, funds, materials, labor services, technology, places and other support and assistance, or harbors or conceals, does not constitute a crime, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. If the unit commits any of the acts mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs, the state security organ shall issue a warning and impose a fine of not more than 500,000 yuan only or concurrently, and if the illegal income is more than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income shall be imposed alone or concurrently, and the directly responsible supervisory personnel and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph. Depending on the circumstances and consequences of the violation of the law by the relevant units and personnel, the national security organ may propose to the relevant competent department to order it to stop engaging in the relevant business, provide the relevant services or order it to suspend production or business, revoke the relevant licenses, or cancel the registration.The relevant competent department shall promptly report the administrative handling to the national security organ. |
| 第五十五条 实施间谍行为，有自首或者立功表现的，可以从轻、减轻或者免除处罚；有重大立功表现的，给予奖励。 在境外受胁迫或者受诱骗参加间谍组织、敌对组织，从事危害中华人民共和国国家安全的活动，及时向中华人民共和国驻外机构如实说明情况，或者入境后直接或者通过所在单位及时向国家安全机关如实说明情况，并有悔改表现的，可以不予追究。 | Article 55 If an act of espionage is committed and a person voluntarily surrenders or performs meritorious service, the punishment may be lightened, mitigated or exempted; if an act of major meritorious service is performed, a reward shall be given. Those who are coerced or induced to participate in espionage organizations or hostile organizations abroad, engage in activities that endanger the national security of the People’s Republic of China, promptly and truthfully explain the situation to the overseas agencies of the People’s Republic of China, or truthfully explain the situation to the national security organs directly or through their units after entering the country, and show repentance, may not be prosecuted. |
| 第五十六条 国家机关、人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织未按照本法规定履行反间谍安全防范义务的，国家安全机关可以责令改正；未按照要求改正的，国家安全机关可以约谈相关负责人，必要时可以将约谈情况通报该单位上级主管部门；产生危害后果或者不良影响的，国家安全机关可以予以警告、通报批评；情节严重的，对负有责任的领导人员和直接责任人员，由有关部门依法予以处分。 | Article 56 If a state organ, people’s organization, enterprise, institution or other social organization fails to fulfill its obligation to prevent espionage security in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the state security organ may order it to make corrections; if it fails to make corrections in accordance with the requirements, the state security organ may interview the relevant person in charge and, if necessary, report the interview to the competent department at a higher level of the unit; if there are harmful consequences or adverse effects, the state security organ may warn or criticize it; if the circumstances are serious, the responsible leading personnel and directly responsible personnel shall be punished by the relevant department in accordance with the law. |
| 第五十七条 违反本法第二十一条规定新建、改建、扩建建设项目的，由国家安全机关责令改正，予以警告；拒不改正或者情节严重的，责令停止建设或者使用、暂扣或者吊销许可证件，或者建议有关主管部门依法予以处理。 | Article 57 If a construction project that violates the provisions of Article 21 of this Law is newly constructed, rebuilt or expanded, the State security organ shall order it to rectify and give it a warning; if it refuses to rectify or the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to stop the construction or use, suspend or revoke the license, or suggest the relevant competent department to deal with it according to law. |
| 第五十八条 违反本法第四十一条规定的，由国家安全机关责令改正，予以警告或者通报批评；拒不改正或者情节严重的，由有关主管部门依照相关法律法规予以处罚。 | Article 58 Anyone who violates the provisions of Article 41 of this Law shall be ordered to rectify, warned or criticized by the national security organ; if he refuses to rectify or the circumstances are serious, the relevant competent department shall punish him in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. |
| 第五十九条 违反本法规定，拒不配合数据调取的，由国家安全机关依照《中华人民共和国数据安全法》的有关规定予以处罚。 | Article 59 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this Law, refuses to cooperate with data retrieval shall be punished by the national security organ in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China. |
| 第六十条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，由国家安全机关予以警告或者处十日以下行政拘留，可以并处三万元以下罚款： （一）泄露有关反间谍工作的国家秘密； （二）明知他人有间谍犯罪行为，在国家安全机关向其调查有关情况、收集有关证据时，拒绝提供； （三）故意阻碍国家安全机关依法执行任务； （四）隐藏、转移、变卖、损毁国家安全机关依法查封、扣押、冻结的财物； （五）明知是间谍行为的涉案财物而窝藏、转移、收购、代为销售或者以其他方法掩饰、隐瞒； （六）对依法支持、协助国家安全机关工作的个人和组织进行打击报复。 | Article 60 If one of the following acts constitutes a crime in violation of the provisions of this Law, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law; if it does not constitute a crime, a warning shall be issued by the State security organ or an administrative detention of not more than 10 days shall be imposed, and a fine of not more than 30,000 yuan may also be imposed: (1) Disclosing state secrets related to counter-espionage work; (2) Knowing that others have committed espionage crimes, refusing to provide them when the national security organ investigates the relevant information and collects relevant evidence from them; (3) Deliberately obstructing state security organs from carrying out their tasks in accordance with the law; (4) concealing, transferring, selling, or destroying property sealed, seized, or frozen by state security organs in accordance with law; (5) knowingly hiding, transferring, acquiring, selling on behalf of, or otherwise concealing or concealing property involved in espionage; (6) Retaliation against individuals and organizations that support or assist the work of state security organs in accordance with the law. |
| 第六十一条 非法获取、持有属于国家秘密的文件、数据、资料、物品，以及非法生产、销售、持有、使用专用间谍器材，尚不构成犯罪的，由国家安全机关予以警告或者处十日以下行政拘留。 | Article 61 If the illegal acquisition or possession of documents, data, materials, or articles that are state secrets, as well as the illegal production, sale, possession, or use of special espionage equipment, does not constitute a crime, the state security organ shall issue a warning or impose administrative detention of not more than 10 days. |
| 第六十二条 国家安全机关对依照本法查封、扣押、冻结的财物，应当妥善保管，并按照下列情形分别处理： （一）涉嫌犯罪的，依照《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》等有关法律的规定处理； （二）尚不构成犯罪，有违法事实的，对依法应当没收的予以没收，依法应当销毁的予以销毁； （三）没有违法事实的，或者与案件无关的，应当解除查封、扣押、冻结，并及时返还相关财物；造成损失的，应当依法予以赔偿。 | Article 62 State security organs shall properly keep the property sealed, seized or frozen in accordance with this Law and dispose of it according to the following circumstances: (1) If it is suspected of a crime, it shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant laws; (2) If it does not constitute a crime and there are illegal facts, those that should be confiscated according to law shall be confiscated, and those that should be destroyed according to law shall be destroyed; (3) If there are no illegal facts, or if it is not related to the case, the sealing, seizure, and freezing shall be lifted, and the relevant property shall be returned in a timely manner; if losses are caused, compensation shall be made according to law. |
| 第六十三条 涉案财物符合下列情形之一的，应当依法予以追缴、没收，或者采取措施消除隐患： （一）违法所得的财物及其孳息、收益，供实施间谍行为所用的本人财物； （二）非法获取、持有的属于国家秘密的文件、数据、资料、物品； （三）非法生产、销售、持有、使用的专用间谍器材。 | Article 63 If the property involved meets any of the following circumstances, it shall be recovered or confiscated according to law, or measures shall be taken to eliminate hidden dangers: (1) Illegally obtained property and its fruits and proceeds, personal property used for espionage; (2) Illegally obtained or held documents, data, information, or articles that are state secrets; (3) Special espionage equipment illegally produced, sold, possessed or used. |
| 第六十四条 行为人及其近亲属或者其他相关人员，因行为人实施间谍行为从间谍组织及其代理人获取的所有利益，由国家安全机关依法采取追缴、没收等措施。 | Article 64 All benefits obtained by the perpetrator, his close relatives or other relevant personnel from the spy organization and its agents as a result of the perpetrator’s espionage shall be pursued and confiscated by the national security organ in accordance with the law. |
| 第六十五条 国家安全机关依法收缴的罚款以及没收的财物，一律上缴国库。 | Article 65 All fines and confiscated property collected by state security organs in accordance with the law shall be handed over to the state treasury. |
| 第六十六条 境外人员违反本法的，国务院国家安全主管部门可以决定限期出境，并决定其不准入境的期限。未在规定期限内离境的，可以遣送出境。 对违反本法的境外人员，国务院国家安全主管部门决定驱逐出境的，自被驱逐出境之日起十年内不准入境，国务院国家安全主管部门的处罚决定为最终决定。 | Article 66 If an overseas person violates this Law, the competent department of state security under the State Council may decide to leave the country within a time limit and determine the period for which he or she is not allowed to enter the country.If they do not leave the country within the prescribed time limit, they may be deported. If the competent national security department of the State Council decides to deport a foreigner who violates this Law, he shall not be allowed to enter the country for 10 years from the date of deportation, and the decision of the competent national security department of the State Council on punishment shall be final. |
| 第六十七条 国家安全机关作出行政处罚决定之前，应当告知当事人拟作出的行政处罚内容及事实、理由、依据，以及当事人依法享有的陈述、申辩、要求听证等权利，并依照《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》的有关规定实施。 | Article 67 Before making an administrative penalty decision, the state security organ shall inform the parties of the content of the proposed administrative penalty, the facts, reasons, and basis, as well as the rights of the parties to make statements, defend themselves, and request a hearing in accordance with the law, and implement it in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Administrative Penalty Law of the People’s Republic of China. |
| 第六十八条 当事人对行政处罚决定、行政强制措施决定、行政许可决定不服的，可以自收到决定书之日起六十日内，依法申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以自收到复议决定书之日起十五日内，依法向人民法院提起诉讼。 | Article 68 If a party is not satisfied with the administrative penalty decision, the administrative compulsory measure decision, or the administrative license decision, it may apply for reconsideration in accordance with the law within 60 days from the date of receipt of the decision; if it is not satisfied with the reconsideration decision, it may file a lawsuit with the people’s court in accordance with the law within 15 days from the date of receipt of the reconsideration decision. |
| 第六十九条 国家安全机关工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊，或者有非法拘禁、刑讯逼供、暴力取证、违反规定泄露国家秘密、工作秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私、个人信息等行为，依法予以处分，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。 | Article 69 Any staff member of a state security organ who abuses his power, neglects his duty, engages in malpractices for personal gain, or illegally detains, extorts confessions by torture, collects evidence by violence, or discloses state secrets, work secrets, trade secrets, personal privacy, personal information, etc. in violation of regulations shall be punished according to law. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. |
| 第六章 附 则 | Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions |
| 第七十条 国家安全机关依照法律、行政法规和国家有关规定，履行防范、制止和惩治间谍行为以外的危害国家安全行为的职责，适用本法的有关规定。 公安机关在依法履行职责过程中发现、惩治危害国家安全的行为，适用本法的有关规定。 | Article 70 State security organs shall, in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and relevant provisions of the State, perform their duties to prevent, stop and punish acts other than espionage that endanger State security, and the relevant provisions of this Law shall apply. The relevant provisions of this Law shall apply when a public security organ discovers and punishes acts endangering national security in the course of performing its duties in accordance with the law. |
| 第七十一条 本法自2023年7月1日起施行。 | Article 71 This Law shall go into effect as of July 1, 2023. |