Finland is a civil law country that follows the principle of legal positivism. The legal system of Finland is largely based on the civil law system, which is derived from the Germanic model of law. The constitution of Finland serves as the basis for the Finnish legal system and the supreme source of law. The legal system of Finland is divided into three branches: administrative law, civil law and criminal law.
Administrative Law
Administrative law is the branch of law that deals with the administration of government and public bodies. It includes laws and regulations related to taxation, labor laws, public spending, and other matters concerning the public sector. Administrative law also includes administrative regulations, which are issued by the government to regulate the activities of public bodies.
Civil Law
Civil law is the branch of law that deals with disputes between private individuals and organizations. It covers the law of contracts, torts, property, succession, family law, and other matters concerning private individuals or organizations.
Criminal Law
Criminal law is the branch of law that deals with criminal offenses, such as murder, assault, fraud, and other crimes. It is the responsibility of the police and other law enforcement agencies to investigate and prosecute criminal offenses.
The legal system of Finland is based on the principle of the rule of law, which means that all individuals are subject to the same laws and that the laws are applied equally to everyone. The legal system of Finland is also based on the principle of judicial review, which means that the courts can review the decisions and actions of the government and other public bodies. This ensures that the decisions and actions of the government and other public bodies are in accordance with the law.