Haiti’s legal system is based on a combination of Roman civil law, French civil law, and customary law. The primary source of law is the 1987 Constitution, which provides for a civil law system with an independent judiciary.
The judicial system is divided into three levels: the Court of Cassation, the Courts of Appeal, and the Courts of First Instance. The Court of Cassation is the highest court in the country and is responsible for hearing appeals from both civil and criminal cases. The Courts of Appeal are composed of judges from the Court of Cassation, who are appointed by the President. The Courts of First Instance are the trial courts, which are responsible for hearing both criminal and civil cases.
In addition to the court system, Haiti also has a system of administrative agencies and tribunals. The most important of these is the Superior Council of Judicial Power (CSPJ), which is responsible for overseeing the administration and functioning of the courts. The CSPJ also has the power to appoint judges and other court personnel.
Haiti also has a system of administrative tribunals for resolving disputes between individuals, businesses, and the government. These tribunals are composed of judges appointed by the President, and they are responsible for deciding disputes involving administrative matters, such as taxation, labor laws, and public contracts.
Haiti also has a system of labor tribunals, which are responsible for resolving disputes between employers and employees. These tribunals are composed of judges appointed by the President and are responsible for deciding labor disputes.
Finally, Haiti has a system of special courts, which are responsible for trying cases involving violations of human rights. These special courts are composed of judges appointed by the President, and they are responsible for deciding cases involving violations of civil rights, such as freedom of expression and freedom of assembly.