Montenegro is a parliamentary republic located in Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea. It is a member of the United Nations and a signatory of the European Convention on Human Rights. The legal system of Montenegro is based on civil law, and is largely codified.
The Constitution of Montenegro, adopted in 2007, is the supreme law of the country. It sets out the basic framework for Montenegro’s legal system and its democratic institutions. It also establishes the separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.
The Criminal Code of Montenegro is the primary source of criminal law in Montenegro. It sets out the definitions of criminal offences and the punishments for them.
The Civil Code of Montenegro sets out the law governing civil matters, such as contracts, property, torts, and family law. It is based on the principles of private law and applies to both individuals and legal persons.
The Commercial Code of Montenegro sets out the legal framework for businesses operating in Montenegro. It covers topics such as company formation, bankruptcy, and securities.
The Administrative Procedure Code of Montenegro sets out the rules and procedures for the administration of public services in Montenegro. It covers topics such as administrative proceedings, public services, and public contracts.
The Constitutional Court of Montenegro is the highest court in Montenegro and has the power to review the constitutionality of laws and other regulations. It is the only court that can declare laws unconstitutional.
The Supreme Court of Montenegro is the highest court for all civil and criminal matters. It supervises the operation of the lower courts and reviews appeals from them.
The lower courts in Montenegro are the district courts, the municipal courts, and the commercial courts. These courts deal with civil and criminal matters at the local level, including disputes between individuals and companies.