The legal system of Serbia is based on civil law, with common law influences. The Constitution of Serbia, adopted in 2006, is the supreme law of the country. It guarantees the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens and is the basis for all other laws. Serbia has a three-tier court system, consisting of the Supreme Court of Cassation, the Appellate Courts, and the Basic Courts. The Constitutional Court is an autonomous body that is responsible for protecting the Constitution and resolving constitutional disputes.
In addition to the courts, the legal system of Serbia also includes a number of government agencies that are responsible for overseeing various legal matters. These include the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Labor, Social Policy, and Equal Opportunities, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the Office of the Ombudsman. The Office of the Ombudsman is responsible for protecting citizens’ rights and freedoms, investigating complaints, and proposing legislative changes.
The legal system of Serbia is also heavily influenced by international law. The country is a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Serbia is also a party to several international treaties and agreements, including the European Convention on Human Rights. These treaties and agreements are binding on the government and courts of Serbia.